What does the ethical principle of non-maleficence emphasize?

The ethical principle of non-maleficence emphasizes avoiding harmful actions toward patients. This principle is one of the core tenets of medical ethics and asserts that healthcare providers have a duty to refrain from causing harm. It underscores the importance of considering the potential negative consequences of medical interventions, ensuring that any action taken is aimed at preventing harm rather than inflicting it.

Non-maleficence is critical in guiding healthcare professionals to make decisions that prioritize patient safety and well-being. This principle compels professionals to evaluate the risks versus benefits of treatments and procedures, always aiming to protect patients from injury, suffering, or any adverse effects.

While maximizing patient happiness, distributing resources equitably, and improving communication with patients are important aspects of patient care and ethics, they do not directly encapsulate the essence of non-maleficence. The focus of non-maleficence is specifically on the obligation to avoid actions that would cause harm, making it a cornerstone of ethical practice in healthcare.